This research aims to analyze legal issues that arise during and after non-metallic mineral and rock (MBLB) mining activities using normative juridical research methods. The concept of sustainable development offers ideas about development activities that remain oriented towards productivity, effectiveness and efficiency of utilization of existing resources in order to ensure the sustainability of the utilization itself. Mining activities are directed to achieve the highest productivity and pay attention to aspects of sustainability, but in its implementation these two aspects often clash. Infrastructure development in the National Capital City (IKN) requires considerable natural resource support. The consequence of increasing the productivity of mining resources is the increasing potential for environmental damage. The negative impact of mining activities has been felt by the community around the mining area in the form of damaged road infrastructure, flooding during rainy days due to reduced water catchment areas to poor air quality. The results show that the difficulty of finding a balance between mining productivity and sustainable development aspects is caused by many factors. Permits issued by the government legalize mining activities and also control mining activities. The issuance of permits must be preceded by the fulfillment of permit issuance requirements, namely administrative, technical, financial and environmental requirements. However, permits once issued lose their ability to control mining activities. Therefore, it is necessary to revise the Mineral and Coal Mining Law and its implementing regulations that regulate environmental recovery obligations during and after mining activities are completed, strengthen permits as an instrument of control in mining activities and strengthen the direction of sanctions in the Law.